There is a bunch of data about maqamat here, at the Digital Arabic Maqam Archive, or DiArMaqAr for short. It rolls right off the tongue.
I have already spent too much time on maqamat for my textbook and should surely focus on other things, or at least focus on finishing what I've already written before starting in on a new source. But I probably won't.
...
Here are pitch names for different ajnas from DiArMaqAr/data/ajnas.json. I've turned it into a flat list instead of a json thing.
[awj, kurdān, muḥayyar, buzurk]: jins awj
[chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, ʿajam]: jins chahārgāh
[dūgāh, būselīk/ʿushshāq, chahārgāh, nawā]: jins būselīk (al-Ḥilū)
[dūgāh, kurdī, chahārgāh, nawā]: jins kurd
[dūgāh, kurdī, chahārgāh, ḥijāz]: jins ṣabā zamzam
[dūgāh, kurdī, chahārgāh, ḥiṣār, ḥusaynī]: jins athar kurd
[dūgāh, kurdī, ḥijāz, nawā]: jins ḥijāz
[dūgāh, nīm būselīk, chahārgāh, nawā]: jins būselīk (al-Shawwā)
[dūgāh, nīm būselīk, chahārgāh, ḥiṣār]: jins ḥiṣār
[dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā]: jins bayyāt
[dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, ḥijāz]: jins ṣabā
[kawasht, rāst, kurdī, būselīk/ʿushshāq]: jins awj ʾārāʾ (al-Ḥilū)
[rāst, dūgāh, kurdī, chahārgāh]: jins nahāwand
[rāst, dūgāh, kurdī, ḥijāz, nawā]: jins nikrīz
[rāst, dūgāh, kurdī, ḥijāz]: jins nawā athar
[rāst, dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh]: jins rāst
[rāst, zīrgūleh, būselīk/ʿushshāq, chahārgāh]: jins ḥijāz kār
[rāst, zīrgūleh, kurdī, chahārgāh]: jins ḥijāz kār kurd
[segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥiṣār]: jins huzām
[segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī]: jins segāh
[yegāh, qarār ḥiṣār, kawasht, rāst]: jins shad ʿarabān
[yegāh, qarār ḥiṣār, ʿajam ʿushayrān, zīrgūleh]: jins qāf
[yegāh, ʿushayrān, ʿirāq, rāst]: jins yegāh
[ʿajam ʿushayrān, rāst, dūgāh, kurdī]: jins ʿajam ʿushayrān
[ʿajam ʿushayrān, rāst, dūgāh, segāh]: jins mahrān
[ʿajam ʿushayrān, zīrgūleh, dūgāh, kurdī]: jins ʿajam sulṭānī
[ʿirāq, rāst, būselīk/ʿushshāq, chahārgāh]: jins ṭuraf
[ʿirāq, rāst, dūgāh, būselīk/ʿushshāq]: jins faraḥnāk
[ʿirāq, rāst, dūgāh, būselīk/ʿushshāq]: jins māyeh
[ʿirāq, rāst, dūgāh, kurdī]: jins rāḥat al-arwāḥ
[ʿirāq, rāst, dūgāh, segāh]: jins ʿirāq
[ʿirāq, rāst, dūgāh, tīk būselīk]: jins bulbula
[ʿirāq, rāst, kurdī, segāh]: jins awj ʾārāʾ (al-Shawwā)
[ʿirāq, zīrgūleh, dūgāh, būselīk/ʿushshāq]: jins mustaʿār
[ʿirāq, zīrgūleh, dūgāh, kurdī]: jins ashwāq al-kharīf
[ʿirāq, zīrgūleh, dūgāh, segāh]: jins mazīj al-ṭīb
[ʿushayrān, ʿajam ʿushayrān, rāst, zīrgūleh]: jins bint ʿabqar
[ʿushayrān, ʿajam ʿushayrān, zīrgūleh, dūgāh]: jins sūzdal
Next shall we look at some maqamat? The source has data for one hundred and eleven of them, and some of them are new to me. That's exciting. Here are the names at least:
[al-lāmī, athar kurd, awj būselīk, awj ʾārāʾ, awj, banjegāh 2, banjegāh zāʾid, banjegāh, bayyāt būselīk, bayyāt ʿarabān, bayyāt, bayyātī ʿushayrān, besendīdah, beste ḥiṣār, bestenegār, bābā ṭāhir, būselīk, chahārgāh, dhawq ṭarab, dilkesh ḥūrān, dilkeshīdah, dilkishā, dilnishīn, dūgāh, faraḥfazzā, faraḥnāk, gulʿazār, humāyūn, huzām, iṣfahān būselīk, iṣfahān, jānfazā, khuzām jadīd, kurd, kurdān, kūchek, majlis afrūz, mustaʿār, muḥayyar kurdī, muḥayyar, māhūr būselīk, māhūr, māyeh, nahāwand kabīr, nahāwand, nairūz, nawrūz sulṭānī, nawā athar, nawā būselīk, nawā kurdī, nawā, negār, nikrīz, nishābūrek, niyāz, nuhuft, nāz, nīshābūr, qarjahār, qārjighār, rawnaq namā, rāst, rāḥat al-arwāḥ, rāḥatfazzā, segāh, shahnāz būselīk, shahnāz kurdī, shahnāz, shahr nāz, shat ʿarabān, shawq afzā, shawq dil, shawq āwr, shawq ṭarab, sulṭānī yegāh, sunbula nahāwand, sāzkār, sūzdalārah, sūzdāl, sūznāk, wajh ʿarḍibār, yegāh, zingulah, zāwīl, ʿajam būselīk, ʿajam kurdī, ʿajam ʿushayrān, ʿajam/ʿajam muraṣṣaʿ, ʿanbar afshān, ʿarḍibār, ʿirāq, ʿushayrān, ʿushshāq miṣrī, ʿushshāq, ḥijāz būselīk, ḥijāz kār kurd, ḥijāz kār, ḥijāz ʿushayrān, ḥijāz, ḥiṣār kurdī, ḥiṣār, ḥusaynī būselīk, ḥusaynī ʿushayrān, ḥusaynī, ṣabā būselīk, ṣabā kurdī, ṣabā zamzam, ṣabā, ṣafā, ṭarz jadīd, ṭarznwīn]
The file on maqamat is huge. I'm definitely not going to share it all. Here are note names, ascending and descending, for the maqamat. That's a good start, I think.
* maqām rāst:
Ascending: [rāst, dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, awj]
Descending: [ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh, rāst]
* maqām ḥijāz:
Ascending: [dūgāh, kurdī, ḥijāz, nawā, ḥusaynī, awj, kurdān, muḥayyar, jawāb nīm būselīk, māhūrān]
Descending: [māhūrān, jawāb nīm būselīk, muḥayyar, kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, ḥijāz, kurdī, dūgāh]
* maqām kurd:
Ascending: [dūgāh, kurdī, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, kurdān]
Descending: [kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, kurdī, dūgāh]
* maqām ḥijāz kār kurd:
Ascending: [rāst, zīrgūleh, kurdī, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥiṣār, ʿajam]
Descending: [ʿajam, ḥiṣār, nawā, chahārgāh, kurdī, zīrgūleh, rāst]
* maqām nikrīz:
Ascending: [rāst, dūgāh, kurdī, ḥijāz, nawā, ḥusaynī, ʿajam]
Descending: [ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, ḥijāz, kurdī, dūgāh, rāst]
* maqām nawā athar:
Ascending: [rāst, dūgāh, kurdī, ḥijāz, nawā, ḥiṣār, nīm māhūr]
Descending: [nīm māhūr, ḥiṣār, nawā, ḥijāz, kurdī, dūgāh, rāst]
* maqām bayyāt:
Ascending: [dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, kurdān]
Descending: [kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh]
* maqām zingulah:
Ascending: [rāst, zīrgūleh, būselīk/ʿushshāq, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, nīm ʿajam]
Descending: [nīm ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, būselīk/ʿushshāq, zīrgūleh, rāst]
* maqām al-lāmī:
Ascending: [dūgāh, kurdī, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥiṣār, ʿajam, kurdān]
Descending: [kurdān, ʿajam, ḥiṣār, nawā, chahārgāh, kurdī, dūgāh]
* maqām nahāwand:
Ascending: [rāst, dūgāh, kurdī, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥiṣār, nīm māhūr]
Descending: [ʿajam, ḥiṣār, nawā, chahārgāh, kurdī, dūgāh, rāst]
* maqām nahāwand kabīr:
Ascending: [rāst, dūgāh, kurdī, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥiṣār, māhūr]
Descending: [māhūr, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, kurdī, dūgāh, rāst]
* maqām athar kurd:
Ascending: [rāst, zīrgūleh, kurdī, ḥijāz, nawā, ḥiṣār, māhūr]
Descending: [ʿajam, ḥiṣār, nawā, ḥijāz, kurdī, zīrgūleh, rāst]
* maqām qārjighār:
Ascending: [dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥiṣār, māhūr, kurdān]
Descending: [kurdān, māhūr, ḥiṣār, nawā, chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh]
* maqām ṣabā:
Ascending: [dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, ḥijāz, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, kurdān]
Descending: [kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, ḥijāz, chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh]
* maqām ṣabā zamzam:
Ascending: [dūgāh, kurdī, chahārgāh, ḥijāz, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, kurdān]
Descending: [kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, ḥijāz, chahārgāh, kurdī, dūgāh]
* maqām ʿajam ʿushayrān:
Ascending: [ʿajam ʿushayrān, rāst, dūgāh, kurdī, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī]
Descending: [ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, kurdī, dūgāh, rāst, ʿajam ʿushayrān]
* maqām nairūz:
Ascending: [rāst, dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, tīk ḥiṣār, ʿajam]
Descending: [ʿajam, tīk ḥiṣār, nawā, chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh, rāst]
* maqām segāh:
Ascending: [segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, awj, kurdān, muḥayyar]
Descending: [muḥayyar, kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, segāh]
* maqām huzām:
Ascending: [segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥiṣār, nīm māhūr, kurdān, muḥayyar]
Descending: [muḥayyar, kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, segāh]
* maqām rāḥat al-arwāḥ:
Ascending: [ʿirāq, rāst, dūgāh, kurdī, ḥijāz, nawā, ḥusaynī]
Descending: [ḥusaynī, nawā, ḥijāz, kurdī, dūgāh, rāst, ʿirāq]
* maqām sūzdalārah:
Ascending: [rāst, dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, ʿajam]
Descending: [ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, nīm būselīk, dūgāh, rāst]
* maqām ḥijāz kār:
Ascending: [rāst, zīrgūleh, nīm būselīk, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥiṣār, nīm māhūr]
Descending: [nīm māhūr, ḥiṣār, nawā, chahārgāh, nīm būselīk, zīrgūleh, rāst]
* maqām mustaʿār:
Ascending: [segāh, ḥijāz, nawā, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, kurdān, muḥayyar]
Descending: [muḥayyar, kurdān, nīm māhūr, ḥiṣār, nawā, ḥijāz, segāh]
* maqām ʿirāq:
Ascending: [ʿirāq, rāst, dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī]
Descending: [ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh, rāst, ʿirāq]
* maqām sūznāk:
Ascending: [rāst, dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥiṣār, nīm māhūr, kurdān, muḥayyar, sunbuleh/zawāl]
Descending: [buzurk, muḥayyar, kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh, rāst]
* maqām yegāh:
Ascending: [yegāh, ʿushayrān, ʿirāq, rāst, dūgāh, nīm būselīk, nīm ḥijāz]
Descending: [chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh, rāst, ʿirāq, ʿushayrān, yegāh]
* maqām faraḥfazzā:
Ascending: [yegāh, ʿushayrān, ʿajam ʿushayrān, rāst, dūgāh, kurdī, chahārgāh]
Descending: [ḥijāz, kurdī, dūgāh, rāst, ʿajam ʿushayrān, ʿushayrān, yegāh]
* maqām shat ʿarabān:
Ascending: [yegāh, qarār ḥiṣār, nīm kawasht, rāst, dūgāh, kurdī, ḥijāz]
Descending: [chahārgāh, kurdī, dūgāh, rāst, nīm kawasht, qarār ḥiṣār, yegāh]
* maqām sulṭānī yegāh:
Ascending: [yegāh, ʿushayrān, ʿajam ʿushayrān, rāst, dūgāh, kurdī, ḥijāz]
Descending: [ḥijāz, kurdī, dūgāh, rāst, ʿajam ʿushayrān, ʿushayrān, yegāh]
* maqām majlis afrūz:
Ascending: [yegāh, ʿushayrān, ʿirāq, rāst, dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh]
Descending: [chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh, rāst, ʿirāq, ʿushayrān, yegāh]
* maqām dilkeshīdah:
Ascending: [yegāh, ʿushayrān, ʿajam ʿushayrān, rāst, dūgāh, segāh, ḥijāz]
Descending: [chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh, rāst, ʿajam ʿushayrān, ʿushayrān, yegāh]
* maqām ʿushayrān:
Ascending: [ʿushayrān, ʿirāq, rāst, dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā]
Descending: [nawā, chahārgāh, nīm būselīk, dūgāh, rāst, ʿirāq, ʿushayrān]
* maqām bayyātī ʿushayrān:
Ascending: [ʿushayrān, ʿirāq, rāst, dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, kurdān, muḥayyar]
Descending: [muḥayyar, kurdān, awj, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, nīm būselīk, dūgāh, rāst, ʿirāq, ʿushayrān]
* maqām ḥusaynī ʿushayrān:
Ascending: [ʿushayrān, ʿirāq, rāst, dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā]
Descending: [nawā, ḥijāz, kurdī, dūgāh, rāst, ʿirāq, ʿushayrān]
* maqām sūzdāl:
Ascending: [ʿushayrān, ʿajam ʿushayrān, zīrgūleh, dūgāh, nīm būselīk, chahārgāh, ḥiṣār, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, shahnāz, muḥayyar]
Descending: [muḥayyar, shahnāz, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, ḥiṣār, chahārgāh, nīm būselīk, dūgāh, zīrgūleh, ʿajam ʿushayrān, ʿushayrān]
* maqām shawq ṭarab:
Ascending: [ʿushayrān, ʿajam ʿushayrān, rāst, dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, ḥijāz, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, kurdān, shahnāz, jawāb nīm būselīk, māhūrān]
Descending: [māhūrān, buzurk, muḥayyar, kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, kurdī, dūgāh, rāst, ʿajam ʿushayrān, ʿushayrān]
* maqām nuhuft:
Ascending: [ʿushayrān, ʿirāq, rāst, dūgāh, nīm būselīk, nīm ḥijāz, nawā, ḥusaynī, awj, kurdān, muḥayyar, buzurk, māhūrān]
Descending: [māhūrān, buzurk, muḥayyar, kurdān, awj, ḥusaynī, nawā, ḥijāz, kurdī, dūgāh, rāst, ʿirāq, ʿushayrān]
* maqām shawq afzā:
Ascending: [ʿajam ʿushayrān, rāst, dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, ḥijāz, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, kurdān, muḥayyar, sunbuleh/zawāl, māhūrān]
Descending: [māhūrān, jawāb nīm būselīk, shahnāz, kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, ḥijāz, chahārgāh, kurdī, dūgāh, rāst, ʿajam ʿushayrān]
* maqām shawq āwr:
Ascending: [ʿajam ʿushayrān, rāst, dūgāh, nīm būselīk, nīm ḥijāz, nawā, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, kurdān, muḥayyar, sunbuleh/zawāl, māhūrān]
Descending: [māhūrān, sunbuleh/zawāl, muḥayyar, kurdān, ʿajam, ḥiṣār, nawā, chahārgāh, kurdī, dūgāh, rāst, ʿajam ʿushayrān]
* maqām awj:
Ascending: [ʿirāq, rāst, dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī]
Descending: [ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh, rāst, ʿirāq]
* maqām faraḥnāk:
Ascending: [ʿirāq, rāst, dūgāh, nīm būselīk, nīm ḥijāz, nawā, ḥusaynī]
Descending: [ḥusaynī, nawā, nīm ḥijāz, nīm būselīk, dūgāh, rāst, ʿirāq]
* maqām bestenegār:
Ascending: [ʿirāq, rāst, dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, ḥijāz, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, kurdān, muḥayyar]
Descending: [shahnāz, kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, ḥijāz, chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh, rāst, ʿirāq]
* maqām awj ʾārāʾ:
Ascending: [ʿirāq, rāst, kurdī, segāh, ḥijāz, nawā, ʿajam, awj, shahnāz, muḥayyar]
Descending: [muḥayyar, shahnāz, awj, ʿajam, nawā, ḥijāz, segāh, kurdī, rāst, ʿirāq]
* maqām rawnaq namā:
Ascending: [ʿirāq, rāst, kurdī, segāh, ḥijāz, nawā, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, kurdān, sunbuleh/zawāl, buzurk]
Descending: [buzurk, sunbuleh/zawāl, kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, segāh, kurdī, rāst, ʿirāq]
* maqām būselīk:
Ascending: [dūgāh, nīm būselīk, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, kurdān]
Descending: [kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, nīm būselīk, dūgāh]
* maqām chahārgāh:
Ascending: [chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, kurdān, muḥayyar, buzurk]
Descending: [buzurk, muḥayyar, kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh]
* maqām dilkishā:
Ascending: [rāst, zīrgūleh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥiṣār, nīm māhūr]
Descending: [nīm māhūr, ḥiṣār, nawā, chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh, rāst]
* maqām dilkesh ḥūrān:
Ascending: [ʿirāq, rāst, dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, awj, kurdān, shahnāz]
Descending: [shahnāz, kurdān, awj, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh, rāst, ʿirāq]
* maqām māhūr:
Ascending: [rāst, dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, nīm māhūr]
Descending: [ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh, rāst]
* maqām sāzkār:
Ascending: [rāst, dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, awj]
Descending: [ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, nīm būselīk, kurdī, rāst]
* maqām rāḥatfazzā:
Ascending: [ʿirāq, rāst, dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, kurdān, muḥayyar, sunbuleh/zawāl, māhūrān]
Descending: [māhūrān, sunbuleh/zawāl, muḥayyar, kurdān, nīm māhūr, ḥiṣār, nawā, chahārgāh, kurdī, dūgāh, rāst, ʿirāq]
* maqām zāwīl:
Ascending: [rāst, dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥiṣār, nīm māhūr]
Descending: [ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, ḥijāz, kurdī, dūgāh, rāst]
* maqām sunbula nahāwand:
Ascending: [rāst, dūgāh, kurdī, chahārgāh, ṣabā, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, kurdān, shahnāz, jawāb nīm būselīk, māhūrān]
Descending: [māhūrān, sunbuleh/zawāl, muḥayyar, kurdān, nīm māhūr, ḥiṣār, nawā, chahārgāh, kurdī, dūgāh, rāst]
* maqām besendīdah:
Ascending: [rāst, dūgāh, kurdī, ḥijāz, nawā, ḥusaynī, ʿajam]
Descending: [awj, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh, rāst]
* maqām ṭarznwīn:
Ascending: [rāst, zīrgūleh, kurdī, chahārgāh, ṣabā, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, kurdān, shahnāz, jawāb nīm būselīk, māhūrān, saham/ramal tūtī]
Descending: [saham/ramal tūtī, māhūrān, sunbuleh/zawāl, shahnāz, kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, ṣabā, chahārgāh, kurdī, zīrgūleh, rāst]
* maqām ʿushshāq:
Ascending: [dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, kurdān]
Descending: [kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh]
* maqām ʿushshāq miṣrī:
Ascending: [dūgāh, nīm būselīk, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, awj, kurdān]
Descending: [kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, nīm būselīk, dūgāh]
* maqām muḥayyar:
Ascending: [dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, awj, kurdān]
Descending: [kurdān, awj, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh]
* maqām ḥusaynī:
Ascending: [dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, awj, kurdān]
Descending: [kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh]
* maqām qarjahār:
Ascending: [dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥiṣār, nīm māhūr, kurdān, muḥayyar, sunbuleh/zawāl, māhūrān]
Descending: [māhūrān, sunbuleh/zawāl, muḥayyar, kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh]
* maqām shahnāz:
Ascending: [dūgāh, kurdī, ḥijāz, nawā, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, shahnāz, muḥayyar, jawāb nīm būselīk, māhūrān]
Descending: [jawāb ḥijāz, sunbuleh/zawāl, muḥayyar, shahnāz, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, ḥijāz, kurdī, dūgāh]
* maqām humāyūn:
Ascending: [dūgāh, nīm būselīk, nīm ḥijāz, nawā, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, kurdān]
Descending: [kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, ḥijāz, kurdī, dūgāh]
* maqām bayyāt ʿarabān:
Ascending: [dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥiṣār, nīm māhūr, kurdān, muḥayyar, sunbuleh/zawāl, māhūrān]
Descending: [māhūrān, buzurk, muḥayyar, kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh]
* maqām nishābūrek:
Ascending: [dūgāh, nīm būselīk, nīm ḥijāz, nawā, ḥusaynī, awj, kurdān]
Descending: [kurdān, awj, ḥusaynī, nawā, nīm ḥijāz, nīm būselīk, dūgāh]
* maqām ḥiṣār:
Ascending: [dūgāh, nīm būselīk, chahārgāh, ḥiṣār, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, shahnāz]
Descending: [shahnāz, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, ḥiṣār, chahārgāh, nīm būselīk, dūgāh]
* maqām dūgāh:
Ascending: [dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, ṣabā, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, kurdān, shahnāz, jawāb nīm būselīk, māhūrān]
Descending: [māhūrān, buzurk, muḥayyar, kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, ḥijāz, kurdī, dūgāh]
* maqām ʿarḍibār:
Ascending: [dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, kurdān, muḥayyar, buzurk, māhūrān]
Descending: [māhūrān, sunbuleh/zawāl, muḥayyar, kurdān, nīm māhūr, ḥiṣār, nawā, chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh]
* maqām ʿajam/ʿajam muraṣṣaʿ:
Ascending: [dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, kurdān, muḥayyar, sunbuleh/zawāl, māhūrān]
Descending: [māhūrān, sunbuleh/zawāl, muḥayyar, kurdān, nīm māhūr, ḥiṣār, nawā, chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh]
* maqām nīshābūr:
Ascending: [segāh, ḥijāz, nawā, ḥusaynī, awj, kurdān, muḥayyar, sunbuleh/zawāl, māhūrān]
Descending: [māhūrān, sunbuleh/zawāl, muḥayyar, kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, ḥijāz, segāh]
* maqām māyeh:
Ascending: [segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, awj, kurdān, muḥayyar]
Descending: [muḥayyar, kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, segāh]
* maqām wajh ʿarḍibār:
Ascending: [segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, awj, kurdān, muḥayyar, sunbuleh/zawāl, māhūrān]
Descending: [māhūrān, sunbuleh/zawāl, muḥayyar, kurdān, nīm māhūr, ḥiṣār, nawā, chahārgāh, segāh]
* maqām shawq dil:
Ascending: [yegāh, ʿushayrān, nīm kawasht, rāst, dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh]
Descending: [chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh, rāst, nīm kawasht, qarār ḥiṣār, yegāh]
* maqām bābā ṭāhir:
Ascending: [dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, kurdān]
Descending: [kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh]
* maqām gulʿazār:
Ascending: [dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, kurdān, muḥayyar, buzurk, māhūrān]
Descending: [māhūrān, sunbuleh/zawāl, muḥayyar, kurdān, nīm māhūr, ḥiṣār, nawā, chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh]
* maqām iṣfahān:
Ascending: [dūgāh, nīm būselīk, nīm ḥijāz, nawā, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, kurdān]
Descending: [kurdān, awj, ḥusaynī, nawā, nīm ḥijāz, nīm būselīk, dūgāh]
* maqām nawā:
Ascending: [dūgāh, nīm būselīk, nīm ḥijāz, nawā, ḥusaynī, awj, kurdān]
Descending: [kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, nīm ḥijāz, nīm būselīk, dūgāh]
* maqām niyāz:
Ascending: [dūgāh, kurdī, ḥijāz, nawā, ḥusaynī, awj, kurdān]
Descending: [kurdān, awj, ḥusaynī, nawā, nīm ḥijāz, nīm būselīk, dūgāh]
* maqām dilnishīn:
Ascending: [rāst, dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, awj]
Descending: [ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh, rāst]
* maqām kūchek:
Ascending: [dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, awj, kurdān]
Descending: [kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, ḥijāz, chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh]
* maqām kurdān:
Ascending: [dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, awj, kurdān]
Descending: [kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh]
* maqām khuzām jadīd:
Ascending: [ʿirāq, rāst, dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥiṣār, nīm māhūr, kurdān, muḥayyar]
Descending: [muḥayyar, kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh, rāst, ʿirāq]
* maqām dhawq ṭarab:
Ascending: [dūgāh, kurdī, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥiṣār, nīm māhūr, kurdān, muḥayyar, sunbuleh/zawāl]
Descending: [sunbuleh/zawāl, muḥayyar, kurdān, nīm māhūr, ḥiṣār, nawā, ḥijāz, kurdī, dūgāh]
* maqām ḥijāz ʿushayrān:
Ascending: [ʿushayrān, ʿajam ʿushayrān, rāst, dūgāh, kurdī, ḥijāz, nawā]
Descending: [nawā, ḥijāz, kurdī, dūgāh, rāst, ʿajam ʿushayrān, ʿushayrān]
* maqām jānfazā:
Ascending: [ʿushayrān, ʿirāq, rāst, dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, ḥijāz]
Descending: [ḥijāz, chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh, rāst, ʿirāq, ʿushayrān]
* maqām banjegāh zāʾid:
Ascending: [rāst, dūgāh, nīm būselīk, nīm ḥijāz, nawā, ḥusaynī, awj]
Descending: [awj, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, nīm būselīk, dūgāh, rāst]
* maqām negār:
Ascending: [rāst, dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥiṣār, nīm māhūr]
Descending: [nīm māhūr, ḥiṣār, nawā, chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh, rāst]
* maqām ṭarz jadīd:
Ascending: [ʿajam ʿushayrān, rāst, dūgāh, kurdī, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī]
Descending: [ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, kurdī, dūgāh, rāst, ʿajam ʿushayrān]
* maqām ṣabā būselīk:
Ascending: [dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, ḥijāz, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, kurdān]
Descending: [kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, nīm būselīk, dūgāh]
* maqām ʿajam būselīk:
Ascending: [dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, kurdān]
Descending: [kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, nīm būselīk, dūgāh]
* maqām ḥijāz būselīk:
Ascending: [dūgāh, kurdī, ḥijāz, nawā, ḥusaynī, awj, kurdān]
Descending: [kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, nīm būselīk, dūgāh]
* maqām awj būselīk:
Ascending: [dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, awj, kurdān]
Descending: [kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, nīm būselīk, dūgāh]
* maqām nawā būselīk:
Ascending: [dūgāh, nīm būselīk, nīm ḥijāz, nawā, ḥusaynī, awj, kurdān]
Descending: [kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, nīm būselīk, dūgāh]
* maqām bayyāt būselīk:
Ascending: [dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, kurdān]
Descending: [kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, nīm būselīk, dūgāh]
* maqām ḥusaynī būselīk:
Ascending: [dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, awj, kurdān]
Descending: [kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, nīm būselīk, dūgāh]
* maqām shahnāz būselīk:
Ascending: [dūgāh, kurdī, ḥijāz, nawā, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, shahnāz]
Descending: [kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, nīm būselīk, dūgāh]
* maqām iṣfahān būselīk:
Ascending: [dūgāh, nīm būselīk, nīm ḥijāz, nawā, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, kurdān]
Descending: [kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, nīm būselīk, dūgāh]
* maqām māhūr būselīk:
Ascending: [dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, nīm māhūr, kurdān]
Descending: [kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, nīm būselīk, dūgāh]
* maqām ʿajam kurdī:
Ascending: [dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, kurdān]
Descending: [kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, kurdī, dūgāh]
* maqām muḥayyar kurdī:
Ascending: [dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, awj, kurdān]
Descending: [kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, kurdī, dūgāh]
* maqām ṣabā kurdī:
Ascending: [dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, ḥijāz, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, kurdān]
Descending: [kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, kurdī, dūgāh]
* maqām nawā kurdī:
Ascending: [dūgāh, nīm būselīk, nīm ḥijāz, nawā, ḥusaynī, awj, kurdān]
Descending: [kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, kurdī, dūgāh]
* maqām ḥiṣār kurdī:
Ascending: [dūgāh, nīm būselīk, chahārgāh, ḥiṣār, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, shahnāz]
Descending: [kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, kurdī, dūgāh]
* maqām shahnāz kurdī:
Ascending: [dūgāh, kurdī, ḥijāz, nawā, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, shahnāz]
Descending: [kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, kurdī, dūgāh]
* maqām ʿanbar afshān:
Ascending: [yegāh, ʿajam ʿushayrān, ʿirāq, rāst, dūgāh, kurdī, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥiṣār, nīm māhūr]
Descending: [ʿajam, ḥiṣār, nawā, chahārgāh, kurdī, dūgāh, rāst, ʿirāq, ʿajam ʿushayrān, yegāh]
* maqām nawrūz sulṭānī:
Ascending: [rāst, dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, ʿajam]
Descending: [nīm māhūr, ḥiṣār, nawā, chahārgāh, kurdī, dūgāh, rāst]
* maqām shahr nāz:
Ascending: [ʿushayrān, ʿirāq, rāst, dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā]
Descending: [nawā, chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh, rāst, ʿirāq, ʿushayrān]
* maqām banjegāh:
Ascending: [rāst, dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, nawā, ḥusaynī, ʿajam]
Descending: [ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh, rāst]
* maqām banjegāh 2:
Ascending: [rāst, kurdī, nīm būselīk, nīm ḥijāz, nawā, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, kurdān, muḥayyar]
Descending: [muḥayyar, kurdān, ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, nīm ḥijāz, nīm būselīk, kurdī, rāst]
* maqām nāz:
Ascending: [rāst, dūgāh, segāh, chahārgāh, ḥijāz, ḥusaynī, ʿajam]
Descending: [ʿajam, ḥusaynī, nawā, chahārgāh, segāh, dūgāh, rāst]
I think next we should replace all the perdes/note names with pitches or intervals and do some analysis.
There are 35 note names among the ascending and descending forms of the maqamat:
[awj, buzurk, būselīk/ʿushshāq, chahārgāh, dūgāh, jawāb nīm būselīk, jawāb ḥijāz, kurdān, kurdī, muḥayyar, māhūr, māhūrān, nawā, nīm būselīk, nīm kawasht, nīm māhūr, nīm ʿajam, nīm ḥijāz, qarār ḥiṣār, rāst, saham/ramal tūtī, segāh, shahnāz, sunbuleh/zawāl, tīk ḥiṣār, yegāh, zīrgūleh, ʿajam, ʿajam ʿushayrān, ʿirāq, ʿushayrān, ḥijāz, ḥiṣār, ḥusaynī, ṣabā]
Here are the 24-EDO Arabic perdes as I was familiar with them before seeing this source:
Yegāh / Yakgāh: G3
Qarār Nīm Ḥiṣār: Gt3 / Abd3
Qarār Ḥiṣār: G#3 / Ab3
Qarār Tīk Ḥiṣār: At3
ʿUshayrān: A3
Qarār Nīm ʿAjam / Nīm ʿAjam-ʿUšayrān: At3
Qarār ʿAjam / ʿAjam-ʿUšayrān: A#3 / Bb3
ʿIrāq: Bd3 ?= Nīm Gawasht / Nīm Kawasht?
Gawasht / Kawasht: B3
Tīk Gawasht / Tīk Kawasht: Bt3
Rāst: C4
Nīm Zīrgūleh: Ct4
Zīrgūleh: C#4 / Db4
Tīk Zīrgūleh : Dd4
Dūgāh: D4
Nīm Kurdī: Dt4
Kurdī: D#4 / Eb4
Segāh: Ed4 ?= Nīm Būselīk
Būselīk / ʿUshshāq: E4
Tīk Būselīk: Et4 / Fd4
Chahārgāh: F4
Nīm Ḥijāz / ʿArbā’: Ft4
Ḥijāz: F#4 / Gb4
Tīk Ḥijāz: F#T4 / Gd4
Nawā: G4
Nīm Ḥiṣār: Gt4
Ḥiṣār: G#4 / Ab4
Tīk Ḥiṣār: Gt4
Ḥusaynī / Huseyni: A4
Nīm ʿAjam: At4
ʿAjam: A#4 / Bb4
Awj: Bd4 ?= Nīm Māhūr
Nihūft: B4 ?= Māhūr
Tīk Nihūft: Bt4
Kurdān: C5
Nīm Shahnaz: = Ct5
Shahnāz / Shahnaz / Sehnaz: = C#5 / Db5
Tīk Shahnaz = C#T5 / Dd5
Muḥayyar: D5
Nīm Sunbuleh: Dt5 / Ebd5
Sunbuleh / Zawāl = D#5 / Eb5?
Buzurk: Ed5 ?= Jawāb Nīm Būselīk?
Ḥusaynī Shadd: E5 ?= Jawāb Būselīk
Tīk Ḥusaynī Shadd: Et5 / Fd5
Māhūrān: F5
Jawāb ʿArbā’: Ft5
Jawāb Ḥijāz: F#5 / Gb5
Jawāb Tīk Ḥijāz: Gd / F#T5
Ramal Tūtī: G5
...
If you can't remember which of Tik and Nim is a quartertone sharp or a quartertone flat, I have some mnemonics for you. Nim is a flattening accidental, and it sounds like NIHM in The Secret Of NIHM, a cartoon movie with small mice. So nim makes things smaller. I have a different mnemonic for remebering that Tik (or Dik in Turkish) is the adjective that makes pitches larger in their tuning, but maybe I shouldn't put it here. But I will say that Turkish art music has big dik energy.
Basically all of these pitch names are used in Turkish music, but with slightly different spelling and somewhat different spacing between the pitches. Here are some correspondences of perdes that will make an intercultural study of middle eastern modal music easier for you:
acem = ʿajam
acemaşiran = ʿajam-ʿušayrān
arak = ʿirāq
dügâh = dūgāh
eviç = awj
gerdaniye = kurdān
geveşt = gawasht / kawasht
hicaz = ḥijāz
hisar = ḥiṣār
hüseyni = ḥusaynī / huseyni
hüseyniaşiran = ʿushayrān
kürdî = kurdī
muhayyer = muḥayyar
neva = nawā
puselik = būselīk
rast = rāst
segâh = segāh
sünbüle = sunbuleh
yegâh = yegāh / yakgāh
zengûle = zīrgūleh
çargâh = chahārgāh
şehnaz = shahnāz / shahnaz / sehnaz
"Perde" is a Turkish word for a pitch name. I'm not sure what the closest Arabic equivalent is - what they call all of these things. Maybe naghmāt or aṣwāt? Those are plural.
Let's look at a full two octaves of Turkish perdes to match the Arabic ones:
yegâh
nim pest hisar
pest hisar
dik pest hisar
hüseyniaşiran
acemaşiran
dik acemaşiran
arak
geveşt
dik geveşt
rast
nim zengûle
zengûle
dik zengûle
dügâh
kürdî
dik kürdî
segâh
puselik
dik puselik
çargâh
nim hicaz
hicaz
dik hicaz
neva
nim hisar
hisar
dik hisar
hüseyni
acem
dik acem
eviç
mahur
dik mahur
gerdaniye
nim şehnaz
şehnaz
dik şehnaz
muhayyer
sünbüle
dik sünbüle
tiz segâh
tiz puselik
dik tiz puselik
tiz çargâh
nim tiz hicaz
tiz hicaz
dik tiz hicaz
tiz neva
For the Arabic ones, I'm not sure how I should capitalize words like ʿIrāq. That first symbol is a consonant, a voiced pharyngeal fricative, I think, so it feels a little wrong to capitalize the "I" as though it were the first letter, but uh, you can see why English orthography would treat that more like a punctuation mark and instead capitalize the vowel.
...
Anyway, back to the list of Arabic perdes. Almost everything from DiArMaqAr is covered here.
They have ṣabā, and I don't have that, but I think that might be ḥijāz / Gb4. I'll check against the maqamat to be sure.
They have both māhūr and kurdān, which I thought were both C5.
They also have both jawāb nīm būselīk and buzurk, which I thought were both Ed5.
They also have both nīm kawasht and ʿirāq, which I thought were both Bd3.
So there's a little to do still. But my best guesses for pitches for their 35 perdes are:
G3: yegāh
G#3/Ab3: qarār ḥiṣār
A3: ʿushayrān
A#3/Bb3: ʿajam ʿushayrān
?Bd3: nīm kawasht
Bd3: ʿirāq
C4: rāst
C#4/Db4: zīrgūleh
D4: dūgāh
D#4/Eb4: kurdī
Ed4: segāh
?Ed4: nīm būselīk
E4: būselīk/ʿushshāq
F4: chahārgāh
Ft4: nīm ḥijāz
F#4/Gb4: ḥijāz
?F#4/Gb4: ṣabā
G4: nawā
Gt4: tīk ḥiṣār
G#4/Ab4: ḥiṣār
A4: ḥusaynī
At4: nīm ʿajam
A#4/Bb4: ʿajam
Bd4: awj
Bt4/Cd5: nīm māhūr
?C5: kurdān
C5: māhūr
C#5/Db5: shahnāz
D5: muḥayyar
D#5/Eb5: sunbuleh/zawāl
Ed5: buzurk
?Ed5: jawāb nīm būselīk
F5: māhūrān
F#5/Gb5: jawāb ḥijāz
G5: saham/ramal tūtī
I was going to show you all the maqamat with those pitches as substitutions, but they're clearly not correct in all aspects, and it's a lot of data to show if it's not correct. So let's figure out better substitutions.
First of all, I had these pitches for perdes kurdan and mahur:
?C5: kurdān
C5: māhūr
From looking at the maqamat with substituted pitches, I can see that kurdān acts like some kind of C interval - i.e. some kind of 8th over perde Rast, coming after intervals with a B and before intervals with a D. On the other hand, perde mahur is treates as some kind of B interval.
In the DiArMaqAr perde substitutions I have listed above, there isn't anything corresponding to B4 natural - only Bb4, Bd4, and Bt4. So that seems like a good guess. Which makes Mahur the same as Nihūft. Sure. Maybe. Although I put perde nim mahur at Cd5/Bt4 because I thought mahur was C5. So if I was wrong about Mahur, then surely I'm also wrong about nim mahur - which I guess now should be Bd4 like Awj.
Let's talk about Ed4 for a moment. I thought Segāh and Nīm Būselīk were both Ed4. This can't be the case in DiArMaqAr because they're used differently. They're both some kind of E pitch, but not the same. For example, maqām awj būselīk uses Segah ascending and Nim Buselik descending.
The Archive, DiArMaqAr, has lots of data on tuning of the perdes, I can see from their live website, but I haven't looked hard enough in the source code to find the plain text data. From looking at a few tunings on the website, I've got this much:
yegāh: G2
qarār nīm ḥiṣār: Abd2
qarār ḥiṣār qarār: Ab2
tīk ḥiṣār/shūrī: Ad2
ʿushayrān: A2
nīm ʿajam ʿushayrān: At2
ʿajam ʿushayrān: Bb2
ʿirāq: Bd2
kawasht: B2
tīk kawasht: Cd3
rāst: C3
nīm zīrgūleh: Ct3
zīrgūleh: C#3
tīk zīrgūleh: Dd3
dūgāh: D3
nīm kurdī/nahāwand: Dt3
kurdī: Eb3
segāh: Ed3
būselīk/ʿushshāq: E3
tīk būselīk: Fd3
chahārgāh: F3
nīm ḥijāz: Ft3
ḥijāz: F#3
tīk ḥijāz/ṣabā: Gd3
nawā: G3
nīm ḥiṣār: Abd3
ḥiṣār: Ab3
tīk ḥiṣār: Ab3
These are an octave lower than the pitches I gave before, but otherwise pretty close. It's normal to notate Rast as middle C, but maybe it's not played that way.
It turns that out I was wrong about perde Saba:
tīk ḥijāz/ṣabā: Gd3
Good to know. This doesn't clear up Ed3 for me though. See
segāh: Ed3
būselīk/ʿushshāq: E3
If perde buselik is E3, then nim buselik should be Ed3, just like segah. So what am I supposed to do differently ascending and descending in e.g. maqām awj būselīk? Maybe they differ in some tuning files and not others.
...
Yeah, all the tuning files are different. Like, different perdes are present or they're the same but they're in different orders. It's a mess.
...
Let's look at one! Let's look at a tuning system with noth Segah and Nim Buselik and figure it out. Here's the tuning system they call "allaythi_1965", from shawqi_1969 page 190, created by al-Laythī.
Here are the note names and the frequency ratios:
[rāst, zīrgūleh, tīk zīrgūleh, dūgāh, kurdī, segāh, nīm būselīk, būselīk/ʿushshāq, chahārgāh, ḥijāz, tīk ḥijāz/ṣabā, nawā, ḥiṣār, tīk ḥiṣār, nīm ḥusaynī, ḥusaynī, ʿajam, tīk ʿajam, awj, māhūr]
[1/1, 273/256, 13/12, 9/8, 32/27, 39/32, 5/4, 81/63, 4/3, 91/63, 13/9, 3/2, 128/81, 13/8, 5/3, 27/16, 16/9, 117/63, 15/8, 91/48],
Before I zip those two lists together, there's an interesting note:
"Gives the name tīk kūrdi (zalzal) for 39/32, here renamed segāh and segāh as 5/4, here named būselīk and būseḹik as 81/63 here named tīk būselīk"
So the authors are not being true to their source material. Here's their scale presented a little more readably:
rāst # 1/1
zīrgūleh # 273/256
tīk zīrgūleh # 13/12
dūgāh # 9/8
kurdī # 32/27
segāh # 39/32
nīm būselīk # 5/4
būselīk/ʿushshāq # 9/7
chahārgāh # 4/3
ḥijāz # 13/9
tīk ḥijāz/ṣabā # 13/9
nawā # 3/2
ḥiṣār # 128/81
tīk ḥiṣār # 13/8
nīm ḥusaynī # 5/3
ḥusaynī # 27/16
ʿajam # 16/9
tīk ʿajam # 13/7
awj # 15/8
māhūr # 91/48
We can see that their note is false. It's not the case that that the original scale intoned Segah and 5/4 and they changed the name to Buselik, because in their scale 5/4 is associated with "nīm būselīk". We all make mistakes, but sometimes mistakes are reasons to trust a person less, and I trust the authors less both for editing the scale and for incorrectly reporting their edits.
Let's look at the rest of the authors' note. As for būseḹik at 81/63, the keen eyed among you will have noticed that this ratio is not in reduced form - it's better known as 9/7. The authors' note says that they assocaited 81/63 (= 9/7) with the pitch name tīk būselīk, but that isn't actually a pitch name in their list.
Sadly I'm used to inconsistencies like this when I research middle eastern music. I can barely even muster a brightly burning righteous anger at this point.
Anyway, it seems like nīm būselīk wasn't a pitch name in the original source, and so we shouldn't use this scale as an intonation from nīm būselīk in maqamat. It's entirely possible that all the maqamat with nīm būselīk as a pitch name come from this source, and the errors would cancel out and we'd get maqamat with the same intonation as the authors inteded but mislabeled pitch names. But I doubt it. There are other sources with nīm būselīk as a pitch name, and they'll have their own maqamat that use nīm būselīk.
It's all just worthless, garbage. Because of the authors of DiArMaqAr. It's actually worse than garbage because it has an appearance of reputability while being worthless. At least they left a note in the .json file.
...
Maybe it's not all garbage? Should we look at another intonation? Ok.
...
Let's try al-Ṣabbāgh 24-tone rational gamut from 1954.
rāst # 1/1
nīm zīrgūleh # 256/243
zīrgūleh # 16/15
tīk zīrgūleh # 201/184
dūgāh # 9/8
nīm kurdī/nahāwand # 32/27
kurdī # 6/5
segāh # 102/83
nīm būselīk # 5/4
būselīk/ʿushshāq # 81/64
chahārgāh # 4/3
nīm ḥijāz # 112/81
ḥijāz # 45/32
tīk ḥijāz/ṣabā # 729/512
nawā # 3/2
nīm ḥiṣār # 128/81
ḥiṣār # 189/118
tīk ḥiṣār # 603/368
ḥusaynī # 27/16
nīm ʿajam # 16/9
ʿajam # 883/490
awj # 400/217
nīm māhūr # 15/8
māhūr # 243/128
The authors have a note saying that al-Ṣabbāgh though that there were only 19 tones per octave in Arabic music, but he added a few more so that there would be names for all the 24-EDO tones. How we came up with frequency ratios for these tones that don't exist in Arabic music is certainly a puzzle.
Do I have to look at every intonation in the Archive and figure out what's wrong with it? I fear that's the only way my conscience will let me apply an intonation to a maqam of pitch names to figure out its sound.
...
The intonation of Mokhtar and Mosharrafa, 1937, has only 14 tones, including nīm būselīk but not būselīk plain. Dumb.
...
There are seven total intonations that have both Segah and nīm būselīk and segāh, out of maybe 28 intonations total, so it's not uncommon to distinguish them.
...
I can't keep editing these .json files with regexes to get useful data. I need to load these files as data into a programming language and edit them at scale and at speed. Sadly the the DiArMaqAr website is broken/unpleasant enough to use that it isn't useful to me for doing much.
...
